"The Monongahela River Valley, Pennsylvania" is one of several paintings by Kane that celebrate the ever-growing industrialization of the American landscape during the 1930s. He was intimately acquainted with Pittsburgh's heavy industries, having worked for both the steel industry and the railroad. Despite the loss of part of a leg in a railroad-related accident, his enthusiasm for Pittsburgh's industry and landscape was never extinguished. The scene represented by the painting fairly hums with activity. Four railroad trains, one clearly marked with the name of the local rail line, Baltimore and Ohio, pass swiftly along an intricate maze of tracks, while nearby trolley cars and boxcars wait for clear passage. Echoing this movement is a large paddle-wheel steamboat pushing a barge upriver. On either side of the meandering river, the dark buildings of the steel mills spread across the landscape, their billowing smokestacks lending vertical accents to the horizontal composition.