American Art Gallery - Introduction

Description

Bryn Mawr College is a women's liberal arts college in Bryn Mawr, a community in Lower Merion Township,Pennsylvania, ten miles west of Philadelphia. The phrase bryn mawr means "big hill" in Welsh.[5]

Bryn Mawr is one of the Seven Sister colleges, and is part of the Tri-College Consortium along with two other colleges founded by Quakers—Swarthmore College and Haverford College. The school has an enrollment of about 1300 undergraduate students and 450 graduate students.

History

Bryn Mawr College is a highly selective, private, women's liberal arts college founded in 1885. It is named after the town of Bryn Mawr in which the campus is located, which had been named by a representative of the Pennsylvania Railroad who found the name in some old records. Bryn Mawr was the name of an area estate granted to Rowland Ellis by William Penn in the 1680s. Ellis's former home, also called Bryn Mawr, was a house near Dolgellau, Merionnydd (Merioneth), Gwynedd, Wales. The College was largely founded through the bequest of Joseph W. Taylor, and its first president was James Evans Rhoads. Bryn Mawr was the first higher education institution to offer graduate degrees, including doctorates, to women. The first class included 36 undergraduate women and eight graduate students. Bryn Mawr was originally affiliated with the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers), but by 1893 had become non-denominational. In 2012, U.S. News & World Report ranked it 25th in Best Liberal Arts Colleges.[6]

In 1912, Bryn Mawr became the first college in the United States to offer doctorates in social work, through the Department of Social Economy and Social Research. This department became the Graduate School of Social Work and Social Research in 1970. In 1931, Bryn Mawr began accepting men as graduate students, while remaining women-only at the undergraduate level.

From 1921 to 1938 the Bryn Mawr campus was home to the Bryn Mawr Summer School for Women Workers, which was founded as part of the labor education movement and the women's labor movement. The school taught women workers political economy, science, and literature, as well as organizing many extracurricular activities.[7]

A June 3, 2008, article in The New York Times discussed the move by women's colleges in the United States to promote their schools in the Middle East. The article noted that in doing so, the schools promote the work of graduates of women's colleges such as Hillary Rodham Clinton, Emily Dickinson, Diane Sawyer,Katharine Hepburn (Bryn Mawr Class of 1928) and Madeleine Albright. The Dean of Admissions of Bryn Mawr noted, "We still prepare a disproportionate number of women scientists [...] We’re really about the empowerment of women and enabling women to get a top-notch education." The article also contrasted the difference between women's colleges in the Middle East and "the American colleges [which] for all their white-glove history and academic prominence, are liberal strongholds where students fiercely debate political action, gender identity and issues like “heteronormativity”, the marginalizing of standards that are other than heterosexual. Middle Eastern students who already attend these colleges tell of a transition that can be jarring."[8]

The College celebrated its 125th anniversary of "bold vision, for women, for the world" during the 2010–2011 academic year.[9] In September 2010, Bryn Mawr hosted an international conference on issues of educational access, equity, and opportunity in secondary schools and universities in the United States and around the world.[10] Other festivities held for the anniversary year included publication of a commemorative book on 125 years of student life,[11] and, in partnership with the Philadelphia Mural Arts Program Mural Arts Program, creation of a mural in West Philadelphia highlighting advances in women's education.[12]

College presidents

1885–1894 James E. Rhoads [13]

1894–1922 M. Carey Thomas

1922–1942 Marion Edwards Park

1942–1970 Katharine Elizabeth McBride

1970–1978 Harris L. Wofford

1978–1997 Mary Patterson McPherson

1997–2008 Nancy J. Vickers

2008–present Jane Dammen McAuliffe

Campus

Bryn Mawr's library holdings are housed in the Mariam Coffin Canaday Library (opened 1970), the Rhys Carpenter Library (opened 1997), and the Lois and Reginald Collier Science Library (opened 1993). TRIPOD, the online library catalog, automatically accesses holdings at Haverford and Swarthmore.

The majority of Bryn Mawr students live on campus in residence halls. Many of the older residence halls were designed by Cope & Stewardson and are known for their Collegiate Gothic architecture, modeled after Cambridge University. Each is named after a county town in Wales: Brecon, Denbigh (1891), Merion (1885), andRadnor (1887). Pembroke East and West (1892). Rhoads North and South was named after the college's first president, James E. Rhoads; Rockefeller is named after its donor, John D. Rockefeller. The newest residence halls are Erdman (opened 1965, designed by architect Louis Kahn) and the Haffner Language and Culture House (opened 1971). In addition, students may choose to live in Perry House (the Black Cultural Center) or Batten House (an environmentally friendly co-op). Glenmede (formerly graduate student housing) is an estate located about a half mile from the main campus which was available housing for undergraduate students. In 2007, it was sold to a conservation buyer as the annual costs of upkeep were too great for the college.[14]

The campus was designed in part by noted landscape designers Calvert Vaux and Frederick Law Olmsted, and has subsequently been designated an arboretum (theBryn Mawr Campus Arboretum).

Blanca Noel Taft Memorial Garden

In 1908, John C. Olmsted designed a private garden for M. Carey Thomas adjoining the Deanery. The garden was later modified and renamed as the Blanca Noel Taft Memorial Garden. It currently exists as a small, serene enclosure with two wall fountains, one with a small basin and the other with a sunken reflecting pool, as well as a statuary based on designs Thomas and Garrett had seen in Italy. The decorative wall tiles, placed above the smaller wall fountain and basin, were purchased from Syria.[15]

Erdman Hall Dormitory

In 1960, architect Louis I. Kahn and Bryn Mawr College president, Katharine McBride, came together to create the Erdman Hall dormitory.[16]

For over a year, Kahn and his assistants struggled to translate the college’s design program of 130 student rooms and public spaces into a scheme (well documented by the letters written between McBride and Kahn). The building comprises three geometrical square structures, connected at their corners. The outer walls are formed by interlocking student rooms around three inner public spaces: the entry hall, dining hall and living hall. These spaces receive light from towering light monitors.

The Marjorie Walter Goodhart Theater

The Marjorie Walter Goodhart Theater houses a vaulted auditorium designed by Arthur Meigs, two smaller spaces that are ideal for intimate performances by visiting artists, practice rooms for student musicians, and the Office for the Arts. The building's towers and gables, friezes, carvings and ornamental ironwork were designed by Samuel Yellin in the gothic revival style.[17][18] In the fall of 2009, the College completed a $19 million renovation of Goodhart, which included expanded stage and rehearsal space, updated sound and lighting, a teaching theater, and renovated seating for audiences.[19]

M. Carey Thomas Library

Named after Bryn Mawr's first Dean and second president, the M. Carey Thomas Library was used as a library until 1970, when Mariam Coffin Canaday Library opened. Today, it is a space for performances, readings, lectures, and public gatherings. The Great Hall (formerly the reading room of the old Library) was designed by Walter Cope (of Cope and Stewardson) in 1901 and built by Stewardson and Jamieson several years later, although M. Carey Thomas played a large part in its construction. M. Carey Thomas Library encloses a large open courtyard called "The Cloisters", which is the site of the College's traditional Lantern Night ceremony. The cremated remains of M. Carey Thomas and Emmy Noether are in the courtyard cloister. The building was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1991.[20][21]

Rhys Carpenter Art and Archaeology Library

Named for Bryn Mawr’s late professor of Classical Archaeology, the Rhys Carpenter Library was designed by Henry Myerberg of New York and opened in 1997. The space is attached to the rear of the M. Carey Thomas Library. The entrance is a four-story atrium. Names of art and archaeology faculty are on the main wall with afrieze of plaster casts from ancient Athens. Most of the stacks, study areas, lecture halls and seminar rooms were built underground. The roof comprises a wide grassy area used for outdoor concerts and picnics. The building won a 2001 Award of Excellence for Library Architecture from the Library Administration and Management Association and the American Institute of Architects. Carpenter Library also houses the College's renowned collections in Classical and Near Eastern Archaeology, History of Art and Classics.[22] The building also contains a large lecture hall and a seminar room.[18][23]

Organization

Bryn Mawr undergraduates largely govern themselves in academic and social matters via the Self-Governance Association. A significant aspect of self-government is the Academic Honor System (honor code). The Honor Code is a set of principles that stress mutual respect and academic integrity. Students ratify the code each year, agree to adhere to it, and enforce its provisions.

Along with Haverford College, Bryn Mawr forms the Bi-College Community. Students in the "Bi-Co" enjoy unlimited cross-registration privileges and may choose to major at the other institution. The two institutions join with Swarthmore College to form the Tri-College Consortium, opening the Swarthmore course catalog to interested Bryn Mawr students as well. Free shuttles are provided between the three campuses. There is the Blue Bus between Bryn Mawr and Haverford College, and a van, known to the students as the "Swat Van", that travels among the three colleges.

In addition, the College is affiliated with the University of Pennsylvania through a special association known as the Quaker Consortium, allowing Bryn Mawr students to take classes there. Additionally, Bryn Mawr students in the Growth and Structure of Cities department may earn a Bachelor of Arts at Bryn Mawr and a master's degree in city planning at Penn through the 3–2 Program in City and Regional Planning.

Academics

Bryn Mawr is a small, four year, highly competitive, residential baccalaureate college.[24] Although the college offers several graduate programs, the majority of enrollments are from students enrolled in the undergraduate arts and sciences program. The college granted 331 bachelor's degrees, 106 master's degrees, and 21 doctoral degrees in 2009.[25]

Students at Bryn Mawr are required to complete divisional requirements in the social sciences, natural sciences (including lab skills) and humanities. In addition, they must fulfill a one-year foreign languagerequirement, a quantitative skills requirement and an Emily Balch Seminar requirement. The Emily Balch Seminars are similar to courses in freshman composition at other institutions. The seminars stress development of critical thinking skills and are discussion-based, with "intensive reading and writing."[26]

Admission to Bryn Mawr is classified as "more selective, lower transfer in."[24] In 2009, Bryn Mawr received 2,276 undergraduate applications, admitted 1107 (48.6%), and enrolled 362 (32.7%). First year students had interquartile ranges of 600–700 on reading, 580–680 on math, and 620–700 on writing on the SAT.[25] The four-year graduation rate is 81.4% and the six-year rate is 86.3%.[25] The student body comprises 1,283 female undergraduate students and the graduate program comprises 464 graduate students (21.3% of them male).

Traditions

The four major traditions are Parade Night, which traditionally took place on the first day of classes each academic year, but has been moved to the Friday of the first week of classes; Lantern Night, which takes place in late October or early November; Hell Week, which takes place in mid-February; and May Day, which takes place on the Sunday after classes end in the spring semester. The Dar Williams song "As Cool As I Am" has recently become part of the tradition of May Day; it is played during the "May Hole" celebration. The song is even called an "unofficial anthem" for the school. [27]

Step Sings, when students bring their class lanterns and congregate at Taylor Hall, singing songs such as Every Rose Has Its Thorn, occurs around the time of the four major traditions.

The two Traditions Mistresses of the College, elected by the student body, are in charge of organizing and running traditions.[28]

In addition to events, Bryn Mawr's traditions extend to superstitions around the campus, some of which date back to the opening of the college in 1885.[29]

Sustainability

Bryn Mawr has signed the American College and University President's Climate Commitment, and in doing so, the school agreed to make all new buildings comply with a LEED silver standard or higher; to purchase Energy Star products whenever possible; and to provide and encourage the use of public transportation.[30] The school's dining halls strive to be environmentally sustainable by working to expand their local and organic offerings, recycling in all dining areas, and recycling used fry oil as bio-diesel fuel. The dining halls previously offered biodegradable takeout containers, but reverted to Styrofoam in the 2009/10 academic year. Additionally, all leftover food is donated to a local food bank.[31] On the College Sustainability Report Card 2009, published by the Sustainable Endowments Institute, Bryn Mawr received a C+. The school's highest category score was an A in Investment Priorities, since Bryn Mawr invests in renewable energy funds, but the score was brought down by lower grades in categories like Green Building (in which the school earned a D, since the campus currently features no green buildings).[32]

Athletics

Bryn Mawr fields intercollegiate teams in swimming, badminton, basketball, cross country, field hockey, lacrosse, rowing, rugby, soccer, tennis, track and field, and volleyball. The badminton team won national intercollegiate championships in 1996 and 2008.[33][34] The mascot of the college is the owl, the symbol of Athena, Greek goddess of wisdom.

Notable alumnae and faculty

Alumnae

A large number of Bryn Mawr alumnae have gone on to become notable in their respective fields. The list includes Drew Gilpin Faust, the first woman president of Harvard University; Hanna Holborn Gray, the first woman president of a major research university (University of Chicago); modernist poets H.D., Karl Kirchwey [35][36] and Marianne Moore; classics scholar Edith Hamilton; social activist and feminist Grace Lee Boggs; Nobel Peace Prize winner Emily Greene Balch; geneticist Nettie Stevens; artist Anne Truitt; author Ellen Kushner; federal judge Ilana Rovner; economist Alice Rivlin; personal finance reporterJennifer Westhoven; and movie actress Katharine Hepburn.

Faculty

Notable faculty include Woodrow Wilson, Edmund Beecher Wilson, Thomas Hunt Morgan, mathematician Emmy Noether, classicist Richmond Lattimore, the Spanish philosopher José Ferrater Mora, and the 10th president of Sweet Briar College Jo Ellen Parker.

References

^ "Bryn Mawr College Financial Facts 2011-2012" (PDF). Retrieved 2011-12-12.

^ Bryn Mawr College: President's Office. Brynmawr.edu. Retrieved on 2011-06-18.

^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places.National Park Service. 2009-03-13.

^ Mackey & Mackey (1922) The Pronunciation of 10,000 Proper Names; also example ate-speech site

^ Not "high hill", as is often mistakenly given as the translation; Bryn Uchel translates to "high hill".

^ "A Brief History of Bryn Mawr College". brynmawr.edu. Retrieved 2011-06-18.[not in citation given]

^ "1921 The Bryn Mawr Summer School for Women Workers". fcis.oise.utoronto.ca. Retrieved 2011-06-18.

^ Lewin, Tamar (2008-06-03). "'Sisters' Colleges See a Bounty in the Middle East". nytimes.com. Retrieved 2011-06-18.

^ "Plans for 125th Anniversary Include International Conference on Women's Education". news.brynmawr.edu. Bryn Mawr Now. 2010-04-08. Retrieved 2011-06-18.

^ "Heritage and Hope: Women's Education in a Global Context". brynmawr.edu. Retrieved 2011-06-18.

^ "Bryn Mawr College: Bryn Mawr's 125th Anniversary Celebration". brynmawr.edu. Retrieved 2011-06-18.

^ "Bryn Mawr College to Sponsor Mural Highlighting Advances in Women's Education as Part of Its 125th Anniversary Celebration". news.brynmawr.edu. Bryn Mawr Now. 2010-04-23. Retrieved 2011-06-18.

^ James E. Rhoads. Brynmawr.edu. Retrieved on 2011-06-18.

^ Glenmede Saved From Destruction and Over-Development. Save Ardmore Coalition (2005-10-13). Retrieved on 2011-06-18.

^ Bryn Mawr College Campus Plan – John Olmsted. Brynmawr.edu. Retrieved on 2011-06-18.

^ The Architecture Week's Great Building Collectionhttp://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/Erdman_Hall_Dormitories.html

^ Bryn Mawr College | Visiting Campus. Brynmawr.edu. Retrieved on 2011-06-18.

^ a b The First 300: The Amazing and Rich History of Lower Merion (Part 18). Lowermerionhistory.org. Retrieved on 2011-06-18.

^ Bryn Mawr Now: To Inaugurate a Reconceived Goodhart, Bi-College Theater Production Probes Language, Space Retrieved April 27, 2010

^ "M. Carey Thomas Library". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Retrieved 2008-02-11.

^ Photos from 1936, 1980, 1983, and undated, to accompany National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: M. Carey Thomas Library (text not available)PDF (32 KB). National Park Service.

^ Bryn Mawr College Library: Carpenter Library[dead link]

^ Bryn Mawr College | Visiting Campus. Brynmawr.edu. Retrieved on 2011-06-18.

^ a b "Bryn Mawr College – Carnegie Classifications". Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. Retrieved 2009-05-30.

^ a b c "Common Data Set 2009-2009". Bryn Mawr College. Retrieved 2009-05-30.

^ "The Emily Balch Seminars". Bryn Mawr College Undergraduate Courses. Bryn Mawr College. Retrieved 2 March 2011.

^ http://biconews.haverford.edu/arts/bryn-mawr-arts/20256-dar-williams-at-the-mawr.html

^ "Student Activities: Traditions". brynmawr.edu. Retrieved 16 March 2011. "The Traditions Mistresses, elected officers of the SGA, organize the traditions throughout the academic year."

^ Bryn Mawr College Student Activities. Brynmawr.edu. Retrieved on 2011-06-18.

^ "Implementation Profile for Bryn Mawr College". Association for the Advancement of Sustainability in Higher Education. Retrieved 2009-06-08.[dead link]

^ "Sustainability". Bryn Mawr College. Retrieved 2009-06-08.

^ Bryn Mawr College – Green Report Card 2009. Greenreportcard.org (2007-06-30). Retrieved on 2011-06-18.

^ "1996 NE Regional & National Collegiate Championships". Retrieved 2009-08-29.

^ "Badminton wins IBA championships". Retrieved 2009-08-29.[dead link]

^ "Faculty 2010–2011". Bryn Mawr College. 2010-10-15. Retrieved 2010-10-15.

^ Karen Heller (May 1, 2003). "Bryn Mawr shows creative side as it makes way for arts". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 2010-10-15.

ot;The'%l 8lWlinars". Bryn Mawr College Undergraduate Courses. Bryn Mawr College. Retrieved 2 March 2011.