Felix Octavius Carr Darley (June 23, 1822 – March 27, 1888) often credited as F. O. C. Darley, was an American painter in watercolor and illustrator, known for his illustrations in works by well-known 19th century authors, including: James Fenimore Cooper, Charles Dickens, Mary Maples Dodge, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Washington Irving, George Lippard, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Donald Grant Mitchell, Clement Clarke Moore, Frances Parkman, Harriet Beecher Stowe and Nathaniel Parker Willis.[1]
Life and work
Darley was born June 23, 1822 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.[2] He was a self-taught and prolific artist who started out as a staff artist for a Philadelphia publishing company where he was given a wide variety of assignments. After moving to New York, his work began to appear in magazines such as Harper's Weekly and in books by various publishers. Darley made 500 drawings for Lossing's History of the United States. Among his lithographic illustrations are those for Irving's "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow", and some scenes in Indian life. The swing and vigor of his style, his facility, and versatility and the high average merit of his numerous works, make him one of the most noteworthy of American illustrators.
Darley signed a contract with Edgar Allan Poe on January 31, 1843, to create original illustrations for his upcoming literary journal The Stylus.[3] The contract, which was through July 1, 1844, requested at least three illustrations per month, "on wood or paper as required," but no more than five, for $7 per illustration.[4] The Stylus was never actually produced but Darley provided illustrations for the final installments of the first serial publication of Poe's award-winning tale "The Gold-Bug" later that year.[5]
In 1848, Darley provided the drawings for the first fully illustrated edition of Irving's "Rip Van Winkle"[6] which was printed and distributed by the American Art-Union.[7] That same year, also illustrated an edition of Irving's The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon and his Wolfert's Roof in 1855.[7] Over his career, he produced nearly 350 drawings for James Fenimore Cooper, later collected in a several-volume edition of Cooper's novels printed from 1859 to 1861.[7] In 1868 he published, after a visit to Europe, Sketches Abroad with Pen and Pencil. His water color paintings of incidents in American history are full of spirit and his bank-note vignettes are also worthy of mention.
He died in 1888 at his home in Claymont, Delaware, and is buried at Mount Auburn Cemetery in Cambridge, Massachusetts. His Victorian mansion, located in Claymont, is now known as the Darley House and was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.
References
Notes
1. ^ Pitz, Henry C. (1968). The Brandywine Tradition. Weathervane Books. p. 31.
2. ^ Pitz, Henry C. (1968). The Brandywine Tradition. Weathervane Books. p. 22.
3. ^ Allen, Hervey. Israfel: The Life and Times of Edgar Allan Poe. New York: Farrar & Rinehart, Inc., 1934: 224.
4. ^ F. O. C. Darley Society online
5. ^ Quinn, Arthur Hobson. Edgar Allan Poe: A Critical Biography. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1998: 338. ISBN 0801857309.
6. ^ Burstein, Andrew. The Original Knickerbocker: The Life of Washington Irving. New York: Basic Books, 2007: 337. ISBN 978-0-465-00853-7
7. ^ a b c Callow, James T. Kindred Spirits: Knickerbocker Writers and American Artists, 1807–1855. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 1967: 184.
Sources
§ This article incorporates text from an edition of the New International Encyclopedia that is in the public domain.
External links
§ Illustrations by FOC Darley, American Illustrator 1821-1888
§ Inventing the American Past: The Art of F.O.C. Darley
§ A Visit from St. Nicholas by Clement Clarke Moore, in an 1862 edition illustrated by F. O. C. Darley, from Project Gutenberg
§ The Winterthur Library Overview of an archival collection on F.O.C. Darley.
